비타민(vitamin)은 물질대사나 신체 기능을 조절하는 데 필수적인 영양소 Vitamins and minerals bo…
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비타민(vitamin)은 주영양소(major nutrients)[1]나 무기염류(minerals)는 아니지만 물질대사나 신체 기능을 조절하는 데 필수적인 영양소이다.
비타민을 활용하는 생체활동은 다양하며, 주영양소에 비하여 미량이면 충분하나 체내에서 거의 또는 아예 생성되지 않는다. 따라서 모든 동물은 생존하기 위해서는 이들 물질을 외부와의 상호작용을 통해 흡수하여야 한다. 비타민은 크게 수용성 비타민과 지용성 비타민으로 나누어지고, 부족하면 특유의 결핍 증상이 나타난다.[2] 일부 비타민은 과잉 섭취시 부작용이 나타나기도 한다.
비타민의 일반명은 A부터 알파벳 순서대로지만 E에서 갑자기 K로 건너뛴다음 끝나버린다.[3] 원래 비타민 F, G, H, I, J도 있었지만 비타민 F는 필수 지방산으로, 비타민 G, 비타민 I는 리보플라빈 즉 비타민 B2로, 비타민 H는 비오틴 즉 비타민 B7로, 비타민 J 중 카테콜은 필수성이 없는 것으로 밝혀졌고 플라빈은 B2로 재분류되어 사라졌다. K 이후로도 L1 ,L2 , M, O, P, PP, Q, S, T, U 등이 명명되었으나 모두 재분류되거나 폐기되었다.
체내 합성이 불가능하거나 가능하더라도 필요량에 미치지 못하기 때문에 반드시 음식을 통해 섭취해야만 하는 것으로는 비타민 외에도 필수 아미노산, 필수 지방산, 무기염류 등이 있다.
https://namu.wiki/w/%EB%B9%84%ED%83%80%EB%AF%BC
====
Vitamins are essential organic compounds that the body needs in small amounts to function properly and maintain health. They play a crucial role in various bodily processes, including growth, development, metabolism, and maintaining the health of tissues and organs. Vitamins are broadly classified into two categories: fat-soluble (A, D, E, and K) and water-soluble (B vitamins and C).
Vitamins and minerals boost the immune system, support normal growth and development, and help cells and organs do their jobs
Vitamin A acts as a regulator of cell and tissue growth and differentiation. Vitamin D provides a hormone-like function, regulating mineral metabolism for bones and other organs. The B complex vitamins function as enzyme cofactors (coenzymes) or the precursors for them. Vitamins C and E function as antioxidants.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin#:~:text=Vitamin%20A%20acts%20as%20a,and%20E%20function%20as%20antioxidants.
https://en.namu.wiki/w/%EB%B9%84%ED%83%80%EB%AF%BC
=======
What Are Vitamins and Minerals?
Your body needs vitamins and minerals to work properly. You get them from the foods you eat every day.
Vitamins fall into two categories: fat soluble and water soluble (pronounced: SAHL-yuh-bul):
The fat-soluble vitamins — A, D, E, and K — dissolve in fat and are stored in your body.
The water-soluble vitamins — C and the B-complex vitamins (such as vitamins B6, B12, niacin, riboflavin, and folate) — dissolve in water. Your body can't store these vitamins. Any B or C vitamins that your body doesn't use travels through the bloodstream and is lost (mostly when you pee). So you need a fresh supply of these vitamins every day.
Vitamins are organic substances, which means they’re made by plants or animals. Minerals are inorganic elements that come from soil and water, and are absorbed by plants or eaten by animals. Your body needs larger amounts of some minerals, such as calcium, to grow and stay healthy. Other minerals like chromium, copper, iodine, iron, selenium, and zinc are called trace minerals because you need only very small amounts of them.
What Do Vitamins and Minerals Do?
Vitamins and minerals boost the immune system, support normal growth and development, and help cells and organs do their jobs. For example, you've probably heard that carrots are good for your eyes. It's true! Carrots are full of substances called carotenoids (pronounced: kuh-RAH-teh-noydz) that your body converts into vitamin A, which helps prevent eye problems.
Vitamin K helps blood to clot, so cuts and scrapes stop bleeding quickly. You'll find vitamin K in green leafy vegetables, broccoli, and soybeans. And to have strong bones, you need to eat foods such as milk, yogurt, and green leafy vegetables, which are rich in the mineral calcium.
How Do I Get the Vitamins and Minerals I Need?
Eating well now is especially important because the body needs a variety of vitamins and minerals to grow and stay healthy.
Eating a mix of foods is the best way to get all the vitamins and minerals you need each day. Fruits and vegetables, whole grains, low-fat dairy products, lean meats, fish, and poultry are the best choices for getting the nutrients your body needs.
When deciding what to eat, check food labels and pick items that are high in vitamins and minerals. For example, when choosing drinks, you'll find that a glass of milk is a good source of vitamin D, calcium, phosphorous, and potassium. A glass of soda, on the other hand, doesn't have any vitamins or minerals.
You can also satisfy your taste buds without sacrificing nutrition while dining out: vegetable pizzas or fajitas, sandwiches with lean cuts of meat, fresh salads, and baked potatoes are just a few delicious, nutritious choices.
If you're a vegetarian, you'll need to plan carefully for a diet that includes the vitamins and minerals you need. The best sources for the minerals zinc and iron are meats, fish, and poultry. But you can get these from dried beans, seeds, nuts, and leafy green vegetables like kale.
Vitamin B12 is important for making red blood cells and keeping nerves working well. It is found only in animal products. If you don't eat meat, you can get vitamin B12 from eggs, milk and other dairy foods, and fortified breakfast cereals. Vegans (vegetarians who eat no animal products at all, including dairy products) may need to take vitamin B12 supplements.
Should I Take a Supplement?
Lots of people wonder if they should take vitamin or mineral supplements. If your diet includes a wide variety of foods — including whole-grain products, fresh fruits and vegetables, dairy products, nuts, seeds, eggs, and meats — you probably get the vitamins and minerals your body needs.
There are many supplements on the market, and of course their makers want you to buy them. Beware of unproven claims about the benefits of taking more than recommended amounts of any vitamin or mineral. Healthy teens usually don't need supplements if they eat a well-rounded diet.
Check with your doctor before taking vitamin or mineral supplements. Just because something is good for you doesn’t mean that more is better. Some vitamins and minerals can cause health problems if you get too much of them.
Talk to your doctor or a dietitian if you're skipping meals, dieting, are a picky eater, or have any concerns about your diet. They can answer your questions and help you create a healthy eating plan that includes the nutrients your body needs.
Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD
Date reviewed: January 2021
https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/vitamins-minerals.html#:~:text=Vitamins%20and%20minerals%20boost%20the,and%20organs%20do%20their%20jobs.
비타민을 활용하는 생체활동은 다양하며, 주영양소에 비하여 미량이면 충분하나 체내에서 거의 또는 아예 생성되지 않는다. 따라서 모든 동물은 생존하기 위해서는 이들 물질을 외부와의 상호작용을 통해 흡수하여야 한다. 비타민은 크게 수용성 비타민과 지용성 비타민으로 나누어지고, 부족하면 특유의 결핍 증상이 나타난다.[2] 일부 비타민은 과잉 섭취시 부작용이 나타나기도 한다.
비타민의 일반명은 A부터 알파벳 순서대로지만 E에서 갑자기 K로 건너뛴다음 끝나버린다.[3] 원래 비타민 F, G, H, I, J도 있었지만 비타민 F는 필수 지방산으로, 비타민 G, 비타민 I는 리보플라빈 즉 비타민 B2로, 비타민 H는 비오틴 즉 비타민 B7로, 비타민 J 중 카테콜은 필수성이 없는 것으로 밝혀졌고 플라빈은 B2로 재분류되어 사라졌다. K 이후로도 L1 ,L2 , M, O, P, PP, Q, S, T, U 등이 명명되었으나 모두 재분류되거나 폐기되었다.
체내 합성이 불가능하거나 가능하더라도 필요량에 미치지 못하기 때문에 반드시 음식을 통해 섭취해야만 하는 것으로는 비타민 외에도 필수 아미노산, 필수 지방산, 무기염류 등이 있다.
https://namu.wiki/w/%EB%B9%84%ED%83%80%EB%AF%BC
====
Vitamins are essential organic compounds that the body needs in small amounts to function properly and maintain health. They play a crucial role in various bodily processes, including growth, development, metabolism, and maintaining the health of tissues and organs. Vitamins are broadly classified into two categories: fat-soluble (A, D, E, and K) and water-soluble (B vitamins and C).
Vitamins and minerals boost the immune system, support normal growth and development, and help cells and organs do their jobs
Vitamin A acts as a regulator of cell and tissue growth and differentiation. Vitamin D provides a hormone-like function, regulating mineral metabolism for bones and other organs. The B complex vitamins function as enzyme cofactors (coenzymes) or the precursors for them. Vitamins C and E function as antioxidants.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin#:~:text=Vitamin%20A%20acts%20as%20a,and%20E%20function%20as%20antioxidants.
https://en.namu.wiki/w/%EB%B9%84%ED%83%80%EB%AF%BC
=======
What Are Vitamins and Minerals?
Your body needs vitamins and minerals to work properly. You get them from the foods you eat every day.
Vitamins fall into two categories: fat soluble and water soluble (pronounced: SAHL-yuh-bul):
The fat-soluble vitamins — A, D, E, and K — dissolve in fat and are stored in your body.
The water-soluble vitamins — C and the B-complex vitamins (such as vitamins B6, B12, niacin, riboflavin, and folate) — dissolve in water. Your body can't store these vitamins. Any B or C vitamins that your body doesn't use travels through the bloodstream and is lost (mostly when you pee). So you need a fresh supply of these vitamins every day.
Vitamins are organic substances, which means they’re made by plants or animals. Minerals are inorganic elements that come from soil and water, and are absorbed by plants or eaten by animals. Your body needs larger amounts of some minerals, such as calcium, to grow and stay healthy. Other minerals like chromium, copper, iodine, iron, selenium, and zinc are called trace minerals because you need only very small amounts of them.
What Do Vitamins and Minerals Do?
Vitamins and minerals boost the immune system, support normal growth and development, and help cells and organs do their jobs. For example, you've probably heard that carrots are good for your eyes. It's true! Carrots are full of substances called carotenoids (pronounced: kuh-RAH-teh-noydz) that your body converts into vitamin A, which helps prevent eye problems.
Vitamin K helps blood to clot, so cuts and scrapes stop bleeding quickly. You'll find vitamin K in green leafy vegetables, broccoli, and soybeans. And to have strong bones, you need to eat foods such as milk, yogurt, and green leafy vegetables, which are rich in the mineral calcium.
How Do I Get the Vitamins and Minerals I Need?
Eating well now is especially important because the body needs a variety of vitamins and minerals to grow and stay healthy.
Eating a mix of foods is the best way to get all the vitamins and minerals you need each day. Fruits and vegetables, whole grains, low-fat dairy products, lean meats, fish, and poultry are the best choices for getting the nutrients your body needs.
When deciding what to eat, check food labels and pick items that are high in vitamins and minerals. For example, when choosing drinks, you'll find that a glass of milk is a good source of vitamin D, calcium, phosphorous, and potassium. A glass of soda, on the other hand, doesn't have any vitamins or minerals.
You can also satisfy your taste buds without sacrificing nutrition while dining out: vegetable pizzas or fajitas, sandwiches with lean cuts of meat, fresh salads, and baked potatoes are just a few delicious, nutritious choices.
If you're a vegetarian, you'll need to plan carefully for a diet that includes the vitamins and minerals you need. The best sources for the minerals zinc and iron are meats, fish, and poultry. But you can get these from dried beans, seeds, nuts, and leafy green vegetables like kale.
Vitamin B12 is important for making red blood cells and keeping nerves working well. It is found only in animal products. If you don't eat meat, you can get vitamin B12 from eggs, milk and other dairy foods, and fortified breakfast cereals. Vegans (vegetarians who eat no animal products at all, including dairy products) may need to take vitamin B12 supplements.
Should I Take a Supplement?
Lots of people wonder if they should take vitamin or mineral supplements. If your diet includes a wide variety of foods — including whole-grain products, fresh fruits and vegetables, dairy products, nuts, seeds, eggs, and meats — you probably get the vitamins and minerals your body needs.
There are many supplements on the market, and of course their makers want you to buy them. Beware of unproven claims about the benefits of taking more than recommended amounts of any vitamin or mineral. Healthy teens usually don't need supplements if they eat a well-rounded diet.
Check with your doctor before taking vitamin or mineral supplements. Just because something is good for you doesn’t mean that more is better. Some vitamins and minerals can cause health problems if you get too much of them.
Talk to your doctor or a dietitian if you're skipping meals, dieting, are a picky eater, or have any concerns about your diet. They can answer your questions and help you create a healthy eating plan that includes the nutrients your body needs.
Medically reviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD
Date reviewed: January 2021
https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/vitamins-minerals.html#:~:text=Vitamins%20and%20minerals%20boost%20the,and%20organs%20do%20their%20jobs.
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